背景：

癌症疼痛未得到充分治疗的发生率仍然很高。疼痛控制不佳会影响生活质量，并导致心理和情绪困扰。充分疼痛控制的障碍包括对阿片类药物依赖及其副作用的恐惧。

目的：

调查晚期癌症患者及其照护者对吗啡在癌症疼痛治疗中应用的态度和看法，并探讨照护者的态度和看法对患者接受吗啡治疗的影响。

设计：

本研究采用定性研究方法，包括半结构式个人访谈，访谈内容逐字转录并进行主题分析。

研究背景/参与者：本研究通过便利抽样法，在一家私立三级医院招募了 18 名未使用过阿片类药物的晚期癌症成年患者及其 13 名照护者（n=31）。

结果：

患者对吗啡的态度和看法受既往经历的影响。两组人群的普遍看法相似，包括认为吗啡是一种强效镇痛药，可以减轻痛苦，但与终末期疾病和药物依赖相关。大多数参与者表示愿意在未来使用吗啡来缓解疼痛和改善舒适度。信任医生的建议也是一个重要因素。然而，许多人由于担心副作用和药物依赖，以及认为吗啡只用于临终阶段，而倾向于将吗啡作为最后的选择。照护者……对吗啡的态度并未影响患者对吗啡使用的接受度。

结论：

尽管存在一些负面看法，但大多数参与者仍对未来使用吗啡持开放态度，因为他们优先考虑的是最佳的疼痛控制和减轻痛苦。针对吗啡误解开展的专项教育项目或许能够提高患者及其照护者对阿片类镇痛药的接受度，并改善癌症疼痛控制。

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