Iron-deficiency anaemia results from low levels of iron in the bloodstream. Iron is a key element of haemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells responsible for delivering oxygen to the body's organs.
Causes of Iron-Deficiency Anaemia
- Inefficient iron absorption by the digestive tract.
- Excessive bleeding over an extended period, including menstrual bleeding.
- Consumption of foods that hinder the body's capability to absorb iron.
- Increased iron requirements, commonly observed in pregnant or breastfeeding women.
Symptoms to Look Out For
- Feeling of exhaustion, dizziness, or light-headedness, especially upon standing up.
- Quick to tire.
- Noticeable paleness or a loss of facial colour.
Treatment Options
Treatment typically involves the prescription of supplements such as iron pills or multivitamins. Various types of iron exist; ferrous forms are absorbed more easily compared to ferric forms. Ferrous sulfate is a commonly used and cost-effective option.
To enhance absorption, some iron supplements are fortified with vitamin C. There are also specialised iron products designed to minimise digestive irritation; however, these are absorbed more slowly into the system.
Preventative Measures
- It's crucial to eliminate any underlying causes of abnormal bleeding, including but not limited to, colon polyps and digestive tract ulcers.
Foods Rich in Iron
- Beef liver.
- Wheat germ.
- Shellfish like oysters.
- Dried fruits.
- Iron-fortified cereals.
- Chicken eggs.
Important Points to Consider
- Be cautious of foods that may inhibit iron absorption.
- Note the distinction between the iron content in food and the amount that your body can actually absorb.
- Don't be alarmed if iron supplements lead to a change in stool colour to dark green or black; it’s a common side effect.
- Potential side effects of iron supplements may include bloating, nausea, constipation, and diarrhoea.
